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Plain-English definitions and practical examples for reading UK company news.

THE A–Z OF INVESTING

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137 terms. Plain-English definitions, examples and related topics.

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In-depth guides

10 guides
Valuation

P/E ratio

The price-to-earnings ratio compares a share's price with annual earnings per share. Both figures must use the same currency units.

Definition and example
Company news

Trading updates

A trading update is a company announcement about recent business performance and often its outlook. It is usually shorter than a full results announcement and may not include complete financial statements.

Definition and example
Company news

Profit warnings and guidance

A profit warning is an announcement that a company expects profit to be materially below its previous guidance or market expectations. Guidance is management’s estimate of future performance; market expectations usually refer to analysts’ forecasts.

Definition and example
Share issues

Placings and rights issues

Companies can raise money by issuing new shares. A placing allocates shares to selected investors. A rights issue offers qualifying existing shareholders new shares in proportion to their existing holding, at a set price and within a stated timetable.

Definition and example
Financial statements

Company debt and borrowing

Company debt is money a business has borrowed and must repay under agreed terms. Assessing it means checking cash, interest costs, repayment dates and the conditions attached to the borrowing.

Definition and example